Monera

In science we are doing a project about the 5 kingdoms. This page is about the Monera Kingdom. It was created by a 5th grade students([|Seeret] ).

Bacteria are **prokaryotic** cells Bacteria cells come in a variety of shapes and sizes. For our purposes, however, we will focus on the three main shapes:,
 * [[image:http://www.lanesville.k12.in.us/LCSYellowpages/Tickit/Carl/coccusbact01.gif width="120" height="75"]] **spherical** || **rodlike** [[image:http://www.lanesville.k12.in.us/LCSYellowpages/Tickit/Carl/rodbact01.gif width="120" height="83"]] || **spiral** [[image:http://www.lanesville.k12.in.us/LCSYellowpages/Tickit/Carl/spiralbact01.jpg width="56" height="114"]] ||

How Bacteria gets its Energy
Bacteria are composed primarily carbon, along with oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen and phosphorus, along with smaller amounts of other elements. In order to grow and obtain energy, bacteria must have a source for these nutrients. Bacteria gets its energy from photosynthesis using sunlight.

Cell Structure
The cell wall is the outer. The cell wall gives the bacterium it's shape and enables it to live in a wide range of habitats.Some other bacteria are further enclosed by a capsule a slimy layer outside the cell wall. The capsule is a slimy layer outside the cell wall which protects the cell from distructive chemicals.All bacteria have a cell membrane, and elastic baglike structure which is just insiede the cell wall. The cell membrane prevents most harmful molecules from passing in and out of the cell. Inside the membrane is the cytoplasm a soft jellylike substance which helps break down food and build cell parts. Like all cells of living things bacteria has DNA. DNA controls a cell's growth, reproduction and all other activities. The DNA of bacterial cells forms an area of the cytoplsm called the nucleoid.

How Bacteria Reproduces
Bacterial reproduction most commonly occurs by a kind of cell division called binary fission.Binary fission results in the formation of two bacterial cells that are genetically identical. Binary fission is an effective way for bacteria to reproduce, however it does cause problems. Since the cells produced through this type of reproduction are identical, they are all susceptible to the same types of antibiotics. Through bacterial recombination, bacteria can gain genetic variation by incorporating genes from other bacteria.

How Bacteria Interacts with the Enviroment
Here are some ways that bacteria interact with the environment. First, it gives diseases.For example, some bacteria give you scarlet fever or a step throath.


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