Protista5A2


 * __ The Protoctist Kingdom __**


 * By Jesal and Sigapi **

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This is where we got our video: [] This is a picture of how the Protoctist Kingdom is classified into smaller groups.

Types of protists are classified into the Protoctista Kingdom. Protists are eukaryotes, meaning that they are made up of single or multi-cellular cells which all contain a nucleus enclosed by a cell membrane. But usually protists are multi-cellular. If a living organism is not a plant, animal, fungi or if it is not a bacterium… then it is definitely a protist. There are many types of protists. Some are: Algae, Protozoans, Archeplastida, Archeplastida, Rhizaria, Unikont etc.
 * __ What Are Protists? __**

**__ Protozoans __** Protozoans are a type of protists. Protozoan, is a common name for a single celled organism. They are traditionally classified in the kingdom of protista. There are tens of thousands of types of species of protozoan’s. Protozoans are divided into 4 groups: 1. Flagellates 2. Sarcodines 3. Apicoplexan 4. Ciliates. Flagellates have long hairs that are like protections. Sarcodines move by extending finger called pseudo pods (fake feet). Apicomplexa moves by gliding. Ciliates have hairs that protect called cilia. They all move in different ways. All though scientists no longer believe protists and protozoan are closely related.



These are examples of protists.

**__Protista Have Cellular Structure __** Protists were created to hold unicellular, eukaryotic organisms. So that means that protists have eukaryotic cellular structure. Some of these have some eukaryotic cell structure. This is particularly true of the archezoa. The archezoa are largely parasitic and what characterizes them as a group is that they don’t have much mitochondria, Golgi apparatus, and peroxisomes. Their ribosomes are prokaryotic size and are not eukaryotic size. It is likely that archezoa are descendants of a group that was only part-way along the path to becoming perfectly eukaryotic. Paramecium, a type of protist.

**__ How a Protist Reproduces, Gets Energy, Where it can be Found __** Reproduction in protists can be either sexual or asexual. Amoebas are an example of a single-celled protist that reproduces asexually. First, the amoeba creates an exact replica or copy of its nucleus. Then, in a process called fission, the amoeba splits itself into two cells with one nucleus in each. As a result the pair is genetically identical. This is one of the ways a protist actually reproduces. Different types of protists get their energy in different ways. Algae get their energy from sunlight using their chloroplasts. This is done in a process called photosynthesis. Protozoans get their energy by eating other smaller protists and bacteria. So you see there are quite a few different ways protists get their energy. Protists are found in places where there is moisture and light. They are mostly single-celled so most of the time you won’t be able to see them with a naked eye.  [|Sexual reproduction in ciliate protists]    **__<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16pt;">How Protists Interacts with other Organisms and its Environment, Special Characteristics __**

<span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none;"> Another argument could be made for food chains being an important example of affecting the environment. Protists interact with other organisms in moist and sunny environments. One of the ways protists interact with other living organisms is that a protist gets eaten by a water flea, which gets eaten by an insect, which gets eaten by a fish, which someone catches and you eat. That means you actually have eaten at least a few protists! Protists (And like organisms) affect this environment as well, but only in large numbers. The waste and products of one protists in a pond is essentially zero, but trillions and trillions of algae are responsible for a large portion of the oxygen generated on this planet as a result of photosynthesis. All living organisms affect their environment, by eating, breeding, producing waste etc. Some special characteristics of protists are that they are eukaryotic, mostly single- celled, live alone or in groups called colonies, some can move on their own, some can’t, some must find food to get energy, some make their food etc. <span style="display: block; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.65pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 6.65pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="display: block; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.65pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 6.65pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; textunderline: none;">Defintions: <span style="display: block; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.65pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 6.65pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="display: block; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.65pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 6.65pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; textunderline: none;">Protist: a eukaryotic, mostly a single-celled oraganism distinct from multi-cellular plants and animals: protozoans, slime, mold etc. <span style="display: block; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.65pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 6.65pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; textunderline: none;">Algae: a large and diverse group of simple organisms, they can be in unicellular or multi-cellular forms. The largest and most coplex marines forms are called seaweed. <span style="display: block; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.65pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 6.65pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; textunderline: none;">Protozoan: Protozoans or Protozoa are microoganisms classified as unicellular eukaryotes. They play a key roll in maintaining the balance of the ecosystem. <span style="display: block; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.65pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 6.65pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; textunderline: none;">Eukaryote: an organism whose cells contain complex structures inside the membranes. <span style="display: block; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.65pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 6.65pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="display: block; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.65pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 6.65pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="display: block; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.65pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 6.65pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="color: black; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; font-weight: normal; line-height: 115%; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; text-decoration: none; textunderline: none;"> <span style="display: block; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: center;">**<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 24pt;">Work Cited: ** <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; text-align: justify;">Information: [|http://images.carolina.com/images/en_US//local/products/detail/131324_la.jpg] [] [] [|http://www.microscopy-uk.org.uk/mag//smallimag/2spiro.jpg] [] [] [] [] [] Book: **__Cells__** //Science Support Readers// Pictures: [] []  <span style="display: block; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.65pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 6.65pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;"> Encyclopedia world book   <span style="display: block; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.65pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 6.65pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="display: block; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.65pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 6.65pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="display: block; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.65pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 6.65pt; text-align: justify;"> <span style="display: block; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 6.65pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 6.65pt; text-align: justify;">